Turn on any PGA Tour broadcast and you’ll see perfect fairways, smooth greens and pristine bunkers. However, these are not the conditions most amateur players get. You’ll find patchy grass, bare lies, bumpy greens and bunkers that haven’t seen a rake since last season.
The good news? You can still play well but you’ll need to adjust your expectations and your strategy. This guide covers the most common conditions you’ll face on a rough golf course and how to handle them with confidence.
Bare or tight lies
When you’re on a section of fairway or rough that’s more dirt than grass, clean contact is the only goal. These lies offer no cushion, making it easy to chunk or blade the ball.
Think of this like hitting a low punch or stinger, not a high, soft shot.
- Take an extra club.
- Play the ball slightly back in your stance.
- Grip down for better control.
- Keep your weight forward through the swing.
- Focus on compression with a smooth, controlled strike.
The goal is solid contact and a lower, more predictable ball flight.
Patchy or unpredictable rough
At well-maintained courses, you can learn how the ball will react out of the rough. On neglected ones, it can be a guessing game. The rough can be thick on one hole, bare on the next and you may go back and forth from being buried to sitting up.
Before you swing, take a few seconds to read the lie. Is the ball sitting cleanly, buried or surrounded by grass? If it’s sitting up, beware the flyer shots that can carry farther with less spin.
If it’s buried or sitting on dirt, take your medicine and get it back in play. A wedge or short iron is often the best choice.
Bumpy, aerated or burned-out greens
One of the most frustrating parts of a rough course is the unpredictability of the greens. Bumps, dead spots and inconsistent speeds can make putting feel more like luck than skill.
- Aim to leave the ball below the hole on approach shots— uphill putts are easier to control and allow for a firmer, more confident stroke.
- Favor pace over perfect line — on bumpy greens, a smooth, committed stroke reduces wobble and stays truer.
- Don’t be afraid to chip — if you’re just off the green and the surface looks rough, a short chip may hold its line better than a putt.
Worn or uneven tee boxes
Tee boxes can be tricky for two main reasons: they’re often torn up and they’re not always level. Between scattered divots and awkward slopes, you might be starting the hole with poor footing.
According to the Rules of Golf, the teeing area extends two club lengths back from the tee markers so use that area to look for a better spot to tee up your ball. Walk around and find the flattest spot, even if it’s farther from the front edge. If the tee box is sloped, tee up on the low side and adjust your aim to account for it. You may also need to adjust your stance or posture to maintain balance.
And on a par-3, don’t stress over finding the perfect lie, tee the ball up a little. That’s what the rules allow, so take advantage.
Compacted or wet bunkers
We’d all love to play from soft, fluffy sand like the pros but our reality is often different, especially on early-morning rounds or courses with poor bunker maintenance. Wet, compacted sand doesn’t let you hit the traditional explosion shot.
To adjust, start by feeling the sand with your feet. If your feet don’t sink, it’s likely hard-packed and shallow. In this case, square the clubface a bit more than usual to help the leading edge dig in.
You should aim to strike just a half-inch behind the ball, much closer than the two inches you’d aim for in fluffy sand. Keep the shaft neutral (not leaning forward) and your ball position slightly forward of center. Then make a compact swing and turn your body through.
The goal with some of these bunker shots is to get the ball out and on the putting surface. It won’t look as pretty as when the pros do it but you’ll get the job done.
Debris and tree roots
Around the edges of many rough courses, you’ll run into tree roots, leaves, pine straw and bare dirt. While these areas can tempt you into a miracle shot, they’re also where injuries and double bogeys live.
If you see a root, don’t mess with it. Take relief if possible or chip out sideways. Adjust your stance for footing and remember that sweeping shots with lower-lofted clubs are often the safest way to escape cleanly. The goal is to get back to the good grass!
General strategy tips for rough golf course conditions
Here are a few more things to keep in mind that could help you with scoring:
- Aim for the center of the green more often: Flag hunting on rough greens or from bad lies often leads to bogeys or worse.
- Club up and swing smoothly: A controlled swing is more reliable than forcing it in tough conditions.
- Play bump-and-run whenever possible: It’s safer than flying the ball into unpredictable greens.
- Take shorter carries over trouble: Don’t risk long carries when footing or contact is questionable.
- Check your footing before every swing: Especially on slopes, near roots or in soggy turf
- Bring a towel and clean your grooves often: Dirty clubs kill spin, especially in muddy or sandy conditions.
- Use your hybrid or fairway wood from bad lies around the green: It’s often more forgiving than a wedge.
Final thoughts
Not every golf course can provide perfect golf course conditions. Instead of letting it ruin your day, use these adjustments to go as low as you can.
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